Methods of correcting typing errors



Aug. 5, 1969 v. BAROUH METHODS OF CORRECTING TYPING ERRORS 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 8, 1967 FIG. 5

INVENTOR.

VICTOR BAROUH ATTORNEY 1969 v. BAROUH 3,459,127

METHODS OF CORRECTING TYPING ERRORS Filed Feb. 8, 1967 2 Sheets-Sheet 2FIG. 17

43 FIG. 9

0 32 =37 .'l v WI; 3/ .36

INVENTOR.

VICTOR BAROUH ATTORNEY United States Patent Office 3,459,127 METHODS OFCORRECTING TYPING ERRORS Victor Barouh, 935 Plum Tree Road, Westbury,N.Y. 11590 Filed Feb. 8, 1967, Ser. No. 614,615 Int. Cl. B41m /00; B41n3/00; B411 47/02 US. Cl. 101-463 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Amethod of correcting a mistyped hectographic unit, the unit including amaster sheet, a carrier sheet, and a copy sheet. Hectographic means areprovided on one face of the carrier sheet facing the master sheet andcarbon transfer material is disposed on the other face of the carriersheet facing the copy sheet. The method is carried out 'by using a firstcorrection sheet having a pressuretransferable pigmented coating thereonand a second correction sheet having a pressure-transferable lacquerthereon, and by suitably placing the correction sheets to correct anyerrors.

This invention relates generally to hectographic methods, and articles.and compositions for use therein, and to a method of correctinghectographic material.

Hectographic reproduction has heretofore been recognized as havingcertain disadvantages, for example, the absence of an immediate copy ofthe original, and the diflicult, if not possible, task of correctingmistakes on the master and the original.

Accordingly, it is an important object of the present invention toprovide hectographic methods, articles and compositions which cure theabove-mentioned difliculties, afford an immediate carbon copy of theoriginal without hectographic reproduction thereof, and enable anoperator to quickly, neatly .and easily correct mistakes on theoriginal, master and carbon copy.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a novelunit for hectographic reproduction which can be easily introduced into atypewriter.

Still further objects of this invention reside in the provision ofhectographic material that is simple and inexpensive to manufacturethereby permitting wide use .and distribution.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent upon readingthe following specification and referring to the accompanying drawings,which form a material part of this disclosure.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, andcombination and arrangements of elements and method steps, which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter described, and of which thescope will be indicated by the appended claims.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a spirit master unitconstructed in accordance with the teachings of the instant inventionfor use in hectographic reproduction;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the first of successive stepsin the correction of an error in making a hectographic master in.accordance with the concepts of the invention, and showing atypewritten error;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the unit in a typewriter withthe sheets of the unit separated;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a correction sheet applied tothe hectographic coating;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the master sheet returned tofacing relation with the carrier sheet;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a correction sheet applied onthe master sheet;

3,459,127 Patented Aug. 5, 1969 FIG. 7 is a perspective viewillustrating the condition of the master sheet after the error has beenretyped;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating the condition of the carriersheet after the error has been retyped;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating the application of a patch onthe carrier sheet;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating the condition of the mastersheet after correct typing; and

FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating the condition of the carriersheet after correct typing.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, and spectifically ofFIGURE 1 thereof, a spirit master unit is there generally designated 20,and includes a master sheet 21, a copy sheet 22 in underlying facingrelation with the master sheet, and an intermediate carrier sheet 23interposed between the master and copy sheet. The several sheets 21, 22and 23 are detachably joined together along one set of adjacent edges bysuitable means 29.

The master sheet 21 may be of suitable sheet material, preferably of a6(l-lb. basic stock coated on two sides with a 15%-casein coating. Thecopy sheet 22 may be of a suitable material, preferably a tissue of15-lb. weight with a machine-glazed finish on one or both sides.

The intermediate or carrier sheet 23 may preferably be a 40-lb. basicstock, and is provided on one surface, facing toward the master sheet21, with a coating 24 of hectographic reproducing materialpressure-transferable to the adjacent face 27 of the master sheet. Thehectographic coating 24 is preferably of a conventional spirit formula,and of any desired color. On the other surface of the intermediatecarrier sheet 23, adjacent to the copy sheet 22, there is provided acoating 25, which preferably is of pressure-transferable carbon forpressure transference to the adjacent surface 28 of the copy sheet.

Thus, the carrier sheet 23 is provided on its respective oppositesurfaces with coatings of pressure-transferable hectographic materialand carbon material. In the illustrated embodiment, the unit 20 includesonly three superposed sheets, the master sheet 21, copy sheet 22, andintermediate carrier sheet 23. However, if desired, an interleaver orremovable protective sheet, not shown in the drawing, may be interposedbetween the master and carrier sheets.

In order to produce a hectographic master, the assembled unit 20 isplaced in a typewriter with either end being inserted first and in aposition to type an original on the outer face 26 of the master sheet21. The pressure of typing will cause transfer of hectographic coatingmaterial 24 to the inner surface 27 of the master sheet 21 to providefor a mirror image. In this manner, the inner surface 27 of master sheet21 becomes a spirit master for hectographic reproduction.

Simultaneously, the typing pressure causes transfer of carbon coatingmaterial 25 from the carrier sheet 23 to the top surface 28 of the copysheet 22, so that the copy sheet 22 becomes an immediate and exact copyof the original on surface 26 of master sheet 21, which may subsequentlybe hectographically reproduced from the spirit master of master-sheetsurface 27.

In the production of the hectographic master, as described hereinbefore,it is not uncommon that an error be typed, such as a misspelling, or thelike. In the past, an error may have required discarding of the entireunit and retyping. However, in accordance with the present invention,correction of the several components of the unit may be readilyaccomplished to effect considerable savings in time and materials.

Such error correction is illustrated in FIGS. 2-11. However, in theembodiment of FIGS. 211, the hectographic unit is there generallydesignated 30, and includes a master sheet 31 and a carrier sheet 32 anda copy sheet 33, which may be respectively identical to the master,carrier and copy sheets 21, 22 and 23 of FIG. 1.

The unit 30 is shown inserted in a typewriter 35, and typed material isillustrated therein as being in error. With the master, carrier and copysheets 31, 32 and 33, partially withdrawn from but remaining in thetypewriter 35, the sheets are separated at the location of the error, asshown in FIG. 3. Thus, the rear, inner or spirit master face 36 of themaster sheet 31 is exposed to present the erroneous spirit master copy.Also exposed is the hectographic-material-coated surface 37 of thecarrier sheet 32.

A correction sheet 38 is shown in FIG. 4 as covering the location oferror on the hectographic coating 37 of carrier sheet 32. It should benoted that a pressuretransferable coating is provided on the surface 39of the correction sheet 38 facing away from the carrier sheet 32.

The master sheet 31 may then be returned into facing relation with thecarrier sheet 32, the correction sheet 38 being interposed therebetween.

Another correction sheet 40 is arranged over the front or outer surfaceof the master sheet 31, covering the error typed thereon, a thirdcorrection sheet, similar to correction sheet 40, is arranged betweenthe carrier sheet 32 and copy sheet 33 covering the error thereon, andthe several sheets, master sheet 31, carrier sheet 32, copy sheet 33,and correction sheets 38 and 40 are together returned to the typewriterposition of the error. This condition is shown in FIG. 6. The error maythen be retyped as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8. That is, the exact copyof the error is retyped, and transferable coatings from the correctionsheets 38 and 40 are thereby transferred to the outer and inner surfacesof the master sheet 31 to cover and obscure the previously made error.This returns the surfaces of the master sheet to their apparentcondition prior to the error.

Before continuing to complete the hectographic master, it is desirableto provide an additional correction sheet or patch 42 covering thelocation of the previous error on the hectographic-material-coatedsurface 37 of carrier sheet 32. As shown in FIG. 9, the correction sheetor patch 42 is provided on its surface facing away from carrier sheet 32with a coating of hectographic material 43. This will insure full linesin the corrected spirit master. In the absence of correction sheet 42,the previously typed error region having removed some of thehectographic coating material 37 from the sheet 32, broken lines mightresult in the corrected copy. Thus, with the correction sheet 42 inposition, the operator may proceed to complete the hectographic master,as shown in FIGS. and 11.

As noted hereinbefore, the correction sheet 40 for use on the front ofthe master sheet 31 to correct the original thereof is coated on itssurface facing the master sheet with a pressure-transferable pigmentedcoating. For use in correcting an error on the original made by an inkedfabric ribbon, the coating may consist of a mixture of titanium-dioxideand magnesium-silicate pigments in apolyvinyl-chloride-polyvinyl-acetate polymer-resin binder. Forcorrecting the original or front surface of a master sheet 31 typed witha carbon-formula ribbon, the transferable coating may be a mixture ofpolyvinyl-chloridepolyvinyl-acetate copolymer resin and 3-8% by weightresin, together with a mixture of titanium-dioxide andmagnesium-silicate pigments.

The correction sheet 38 for correcting the hectographic master on therear or inner surface of the master sheet 31 is formed from a lacquercomprising of about 50- 60% solids and 40-50% volatile solvents, byweight. In practice, a satisfactory mixture has been 58.1% solids and41.9% volatile solvents, by weight. The solids consist of about 89-96%pigments, 13% polyvinyl-chloridepolyvinyl-acetate copolymer, and about110% gilsonite, all by weight. A preferred formulation of the solids is96 parts pigment to 4 parts binder. The pigments include 75 partstitanium dioxide, 24.5 parts magnesium silicate and 0.5 part graphite.The binder is a mixture of 3 parts polyvinyl-chloridepolyvinyl-acetatecopolymer and 1 part gilsonite. The solvent portion is a mixture ofsolvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and toluene in approximately equalamounts. The inclusion of gilsonite has been found remarkablyadvantageous in covering and sealing the corrected hectograph-dye or-material error area.

The above has discussed the correction of a typed error. However, theabove correction-material coatings may be employed to correct other thantyped errors, such as line drawings, etc. For this purpose, thecorresponding correction material in liquid form may be brushed over thehectographic-dye impression and over the front or original side of themaster sheet. Upon drying, the error is covered, and the master may befinished.

Of course, if paper of color other than white is used, suitable dyes maybe incorporated in the correction coating to match the paper color.

It is within the scope of this invention to introduce the unit 30 withits closed end foremost into the typewriter.

From the foregoing, it is seen that the present invention provides aunique method of error correction in hectographic procedures, andarticles and compositions for use therein, which fully accomplish theirintended objects and are well adapted to meet practical conditions ofmanufacture and use.

Although the present invention has been described in some detail by wayof illustration and example for purposes of clarity of understanding, itis understood that certain changes and modifications may be made withinthe spirit of the invention and scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of correcting a mistyped hectographic master sheet and copysheet being typed with a hectographic and carbon-coated intermediatesheet comprising the steps of providing a first correction sheet havinga pressure transferable pigmented coating on one face, placing saidfirst correction sheet in front of said master sheet with said coatingadjacent to said master sheet, providing a second correction sheethaving a pressure transferable lacquer comprised of 8996% pigment and114% binder, said pigment containing 75 parts of titanium dioxide, 245parts of magnesium silicate and 0.5 part of graphite on one face,placing said second correction sheet between said master andintermediate sheets with said lacquer adjacent to said master sheet,providing a third correction sheet having a pressure tranferablepigmented coating on one face, placing said third correction sheetbetween said intermediate and copy sheets with its pigmented coatingadjacent to said copy sheet, retyping the error to transfer saidcoatings and lacquer to said master and copy sheets, removing saidcorrection sheets, then inserting a patch having a hectographic coatingagainst said intermediate sheet with said hectographic coating facingsaid master sheet, and thereafter typing on the master sheet.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said binder comprises about13% by weight polyvinyl chloridepolyvinyl acetate co-polymer, and about1-10% by weight of gilsonite.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,386,872 10/1945 Lewis 101-4732,582,932 1/1952 Lustbader 101-473 2,767,650 10/1956 Yunker et al.197-181XR 3,128,564 4/1964 Atherton 101-473 XR 3,155,216 11/1964Talmadge 197-181 DAVID KLEIN, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.

